{"id":2015,"date":"2018-09-10T17:36:00","date_gmt":"2018-09-10T14:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imbipaju.com\/?p=2015"},"modified":"2024-12-11T17:41:47","modified_gmt":"2024-12-11T15:41:47","slug":"russian-propagandas-western-enablers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imbipaju.com\/en\/russian-propagandas-western-enablers\/","title":{"rendered":"Russian Propaganda\u2019s Western Enablers"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The Finnish author Sofi Oksanen once observed that Russia\u2019s information warfare works because its targets are often willing participants. As noxious as the Kremlin\u2019s information warfare may seem to democratic voters, Western governments often exhibit little interest in or ability to affect the status quo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TALLINN \u2013 Every day seems to bring a new revelation about Russia\u2019s political meddling in Western countries. From Twitter trolls&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/russian-twitter-trolls-canada-targeted-1.4772397\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">sowing discord<\/a>&nbsp;among voters, to the Kremlin\u2019s alleged support for&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/united-states-considered-declaring-russia-a-state-sponsor-of-terror\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">extremist groups<\/a>, Russian propaganda is undermining trust in democratic governance. And although&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/theresa-may-russia-poisoning-toothless-tough-talk-on-russia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Western politicians may talk tough<\/a>&nbsp;in response to the Kremlin\u2019s efforts to upend the&nbsp;<em>status quo<\/em>, their actions often betray a weaker hand. Russia\u2019s ability to influence journalism and literature is a case in point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Finnish author Sofi Oksanen&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eurozine.com\/a-lion-in-a-cage\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">once observed<\/a>&nbsp;that Russia\u2019s information warfare works because its targets are often willing participants. During the Cold War, for example, Finland\u2019s economic dependence on raw materials and technology from Russia left its leaders loath to antagonize the Kremlin. This phenomenon \u2013 \u201cFinlandization\u201d \u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.booksfromfinland.fi\/2012\/04\/solzhenitsyn-and-silberfeldt-sofi-oksanen-publishes-a-best-seller\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">helps explain<\/a>&nbsp;why, when Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn\u2019s&nbsp;<em>The Gulag Archipelago&nbsp;<\/em>was translated into Finnish in 1974, the first edition was printed in neighboring Sweden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even Britain has&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bl.uk\/20th-century-literature\/articles\/an-introduction-to-animal-farm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">succumbed to this calculus<\/a>. In 1944, the British establishment tried to prevent publication of George Orwell\u2019s&nbsp;<em>Animal Farm<\/em>; then-editor T.S. Eliot argued that the book\u2019s anti-Soviet \u201cpoint of view\u201d was \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bl.uk\/collection-items\/letter-from-t-s-eliot-faber-to-george-orwell-rejecting-animal-farm-13-july-1944\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">not convincing<\/a>.\u201d No one, it seemed, wanted to anger Stalin, who was then an ally of Great Britain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This type of indirect pressure continues to claim victims today. In the Baltic states,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.valisluureamet.ee\/pdf\/EIB_public_report_Feb_2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">people are increasingly worried<\/a>&nbsp;that geopolitical competition over the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/nord-stream-2-gas-pipeline-what-is-the-controversy-about\/a-44677741\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline<\/a>&nbsp;linking Russia to Germany will affect writers\u2019 freedom of speech to opine on Russian President Vladimir Putin\u2019s regime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I don\u2019t blame them. I am acutely aware of how dangerous it can be to run afoul of Russian interests. In 2009, I edited a series of essays with Oksanen documenting official practices in Estonia when it was part of the Soviet Union. Our book&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sofioksanen.com\/books\/other\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Fear Was Behind Everything<\/em><\/a><em><\/em>detailed the terror that gripped Estonia under the Soviet system. For a half-century, any book that was critical of the communist regime was banned in the Baltic states and was not published in Finland, either. Our volume marked a turning point. Or so we thought.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The idea for our book was inspired by an incident in 2007, when the statue of a Soviet soldier, the symbol of occupation forces in Estonia, was&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2007\/04\/27\/world\/europe\/27cnd-estonia.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">relocated from central Tallinn<\/a>&nbsp;to a military cemetery elsewhere in the city. Russia protested the move, and deadly&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.spiegel.de\/international\/europe\/deadly-riots-in-tallinn-soviet-memorial-causes-rift-between-estonia-and-russia-a-479809.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">riots erupted<\/a>&nbsp;amid rumors that the government was denying Estonian Russians the right to mourn their war dead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The next year, Johan B\u00e4ckman, a docent at Helsinki University, published a book about the incident,&nbsp;<em>The Bronze Soldier<\/em>, in which he called Estonia an \u201capartheid state\u201d led by incompetent leaders whose citizens were incapable of coming to terms with their own history. His publisher was an Estonian-born journalist and former KGB officer, Vladimir Ilyasevich, who had&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/liia.lv\/site\/docs\/RigaConferencePapers2014_A5_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">worked<\/a>&nbsp;in Finland and in other Nordic countries during the Cold War.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e4ckman then trained his pro-Russian vitriol on me. First, he attacked a book I had written about my mother\u2019s trauma in a Soviet gulag, and then he helped&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/yle.fi\/uutiset\/3-5736178\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">organized protests<\/a>&nbsp;against the release of&nbsp;<em>Fear Was Behind Everything.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because of these threats, we requested armed police protection on the day of the book\u2019s launch in 2009. And, while B\u00e4ckman has since left his teaching job and directs most of his attention to spouting other pro-Putin falsehoods, the Russian-backed propaganda war he helped wage continues to affect my sense of security. Simply put, the old Soviet system of fear continues to wreak havoc on the truth and punish those who defend it on the page.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While Russia\u2019s propaganda efforts may be aimed at influencing governments, it is individuals who suffer the consequences. As the chief executive of the Estonian International Center for Defense and Security, Dmitri Teperik,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/icds.ee\/countering-disinformation-the-danger-of-hypeand-ignorance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">recently argued<\/a>, information wars are most dangerous for \u201ccivil activists\u201d \u2013 like journalists, writers, and authors \u2013 because we are the ones on the front lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nearly three decades after the fall of the Iron Curtain, Russia maintains its Soviet-era proclivity to prey on peoples\u2019 fears and insecurities. Its operatives are happiest when their opponents cease their activities \u2013 when writers stop writing, or publishers stop publishing. Unfortunately, Russia succeeds more than it fails because it is easy to misinform; as Noam Chomsky once&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DIKNUTJr-Fw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">said<\/a>, people don\u2019t know what they don\u2019t know.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The best chance truth has is if writers and authors persist in presenting readers with facts; every now and then, we are rewarded for these efforts. Earlier this year, the Finnish journalist Jessikka Aro took B\u00e4ckman to court, after having become a target of his malice since 2014, when she started exposing the Kremlin\u2019s social media \u201ctroll\u201d factory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yle.fi\/uutiset\/osasto\/news\/founder_of_anti-immigrant_website_freed_to_await_verdict_in_ethnic_agitation_trial\/10275345\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">outcome of that case is pending<\/a>. But, with any luck, B\u00e4ckman will be punished for his harassment and baseless attacks. His trial could even mark a definitive moment in the history of efforts to counter Russian propaganda, giving beleaguered writers and journalists the courage they need to stand up to Russia in ways that governments rarely have.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.project-syndicate.org\/commentary\/russian-propaganda-has-western-accomplices-by-imbi-paju-2018-09\">Project Syndicate<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Finnish author Sofi Oksanen once observed that Russia\u2019s information warfare works because its targets are often willing participants. As noxious as the Kremlin\u2019s information warfare may seem to democratic voters, Western governments often exhibit little interest in or ability to affect the status quo. TALLINN \u2013 Every day seems to bring a new revelation [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1331,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2015","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Russian Propaganda\u2019s Western Enablers - Writer Imbi Paju<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/imbipaju.com\/en\/russian-propagandas-western-enablers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Russian Propaganda\u2019s Western Enablers - Writer Imbi Paju\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Finnish author Sofi Oksanen once observed that Russia\u2019s information warfare works because its targets are often willing participants. 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As noxious as the Kremlin\u2019s information warfare may seem to democratic voters, Western governments often exhibit little interest in or ability to affect the status quo. 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